Magister Negi Magi Magic-Sensei Negima is the subtitle in the Japanese edition. Well, Latin is used everywhere in the world. Here, magister means sensei. Negi is a proper name. Magi means magical. Basically, it translates to Wizard Negi-Sensei. (So what in the world does the 'ma' in Negima! mean?)
The Latin used in Negima has cases where the long vowels are not extended owing to the convenience of rhythm. For example, magi is actually pronounced ma-gee but as he is often called ma-jai so he comes to be called magi.
Magister Magi also means magical people. Magi is the plural case of wizard. The singular nominative case is magus. Magister here means people. As written above, it also means sensei and is equivalent to the English master and German meister.
Melchizedek. The Vulgata translation of the Bible (Genesis 14:17-20) says that upon returning from the subjugation of Cherdorlaomer and the kings who were allied with him, King Sodom came to meet Abram in Valley Shaveh. The king of Salem, Melchizedek, a priest of the supreme god, came there bringing bread and wine. Malchizedek said blessings for Abram. The blessing also promised to deliver the enemy into the clutches of the supreme god. In Hebrew, it's Melchizedek. It's not written in the canons or Apocrypha, but there's a legend of our ancestor Abraham being granted the secret of cabala. (Eighth Period.)
Minister magi means a 'follower of magic' and is equivalent to the English term minister. In the case of women, they are called ministra magi. The relationship between the magi as an individual and as a master of magic has many factors, and the role the minister plays varies in response to that. Today, there are a lot of partners who become lovers and spouses, but partners aren't always limited to the opposite sec. For more on this, refer to Negima Volume 3.
Rastel maskil magister. This is not Latin (and that language is the key to releasing magic), and it seems like it's a code with no meaning. Rastel maskil magister is the exclusive incantation for Negi Springfield. Each and every wizard thinks of one for themselves, and Negi came up with his own when he graduated from magic school. In the case of simple magic, you can abbreviate it. (First used in Second Period.)
Age nascatur, potio amoris. Literally, well, in life, a love potion. This is a spell for the preperation of magic medicine. Potio means potion in Latin. Used for the purification of love potions. (Second Period.)
Aer aer amplificet mammas. Air, atmosphere, breasts expand. Negi calls on the power of a friendly air spirit to manipulate the air. In this case, it created air bubbles around Asuna's chest, making it seem like she had huge breasts. To actually change Asuna's appearance, Negi would have needed to use the spell mammae crescant, which means, in short, "breasts become larger!" (Third Period.)
Salent, penicili. Dance, brushes. Making things move is basic magi. (Fourth Period.)
Aer... Magic word meaning air. Used by Negi, angry at the attack by Black Lily from the dodge ball club, to call on the air spirit. In th previous panel, an air current was starting to happen. However, in the middle of the incantation he was hit by Asuna, so just how powerful the spell is remains a mystery. (Sixth Period.)
Undecim spiritus lucis coeuntes segittant inimicum, sagitta magica. The II pillars of spirit light! Come gather and light up my enemy, magic archer. Sagitta magixa means magic arrow. Spiritus is 'spirit' in English. Calling on a minor spirit, it's a spell that shoots the enemy you're facing. Depending on the spirit you call on, the effect is different. A rudimentary battle spell, but the scope of its application is wide. (Tenth Period.)
Fragrantia floris, amicis vigorem, vitalitatem, auram salutarem refectio. The fragrance of a flower, a wind that will fill my friends with enerfy, vitality, and health. Complete energy recovery. The flower that Negi uses is a catalyst. That catalyst makes it easier to cast the spell and heightens the effect. A spell that refreshes one's mood.
Undecim spiritus aerials, vinculum factio iimicum captent. Sagitta magica, aer Capturae. ("11 wind spirits, become a chain that binds and capture my enemy.") Magic that uses the wind to restrain enemies. It is a weak attack and had little effect on the experienced Evangeline.
Reflexio. ("Ice Shield.") A magic shield that is conjured to repel the attacking magic from an enemy. Evangeline is skilled at ice magic so she conjured an "ice shield." Reflexio corresponds to the English reflection.
Frigerans Exarmatio. ("Release freeze weapon.") Magic that, without causing any frostbite injury to the opponent, freezes the things attached to the body and shatters them, disarming the enemy. Control over complicated magic power is necessary to wield this spell. However, metal and other types of hard materials cannot be shattered, so the most you can do is buy some time against these types of items.
Flans exarmatio. (“Wind flower, disarm weapon.”) This is, in fact, the magic that appears most frequently in Negima! The incantation blows off with a powerful wind items attached to an opponent's body. Clothing and other light things are changed into flower petals. The sole purpose is to disarm an opponent of weapons, so no matter strong the wind is, it will not blow away the opponent herself. When Negi sneezes and blows off the clothes of Asuna and friends, this is the explosion of this magic. Refer to the First, Second, Fifth, Sixth, and Twelfth Periods. (From the Seventeenth Period on.)